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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD and are believed to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. They cannot treat the disorder, but rather help manage symptoms if they are used regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication may include changes in heart rate and blood pressure and stomach upset anxiety and tics. Certain teenagers and children who take stimulant drugs have a slight decrease in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous stimulant, is the most common drug used to treat ADHD. It is available in various forms, such as chewable tablets with liquid, an orally disintegrating tablet, which acts long and has an extended release. The drug increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. This can help improve concentration. It can also lessen the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methylphenidate can be a successful treatment for ADHD in combination with other treatments, like behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug could cause an increase in blood pressure or heart rate. Patients with diabetes should be on guard when taking this medication because it can cause rapid increases in blood sugar. If you encounter any of these side effects, speak to your doctor. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon, which causes numbness of the fingers and feet. This is an uncommon side effect, however it is essential to notify your doctor if you experience these symptoms. There is some concerns that methylphenidate can slow the growth of children, but this hasn't been proven to be the situation. If your child is taking methylphenidate make sure you be aware of their weight and height. If your child is taking a methylphenidate tablet and phenylalanine is present, it can be dangerous to children with phenylketonuria. Ask your doctor about a different formulation of methylphenidate when you suffer from PKU. Stimulants are considered the first-choice medication for treating ADHD, but some people have trouble with them. In these instances, doctors might prescribe another medication that performs in a similar way. There are also other stimulants, like dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine, besides methylphenidate. These substances can last longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. They are typically taken between two and three times a day However, some people take them more frequently. Psychological treatments are also available for treating ADHD, but they are less likely to prove effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known by the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and reduces hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It's part of a class of medications called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It works by boosting levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that control the brain's activity. medication adhd adults is a favorite among people of all ages who need a different medication than stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to know that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly. It could take up to six weeks before the effects of this drug begin to show. Additionally, you may experience side-effects such as drowsiness, decreased appetite, and upset stomach. For most patients, the benefits of taking atomoxetine are greater than any risk. The effectiveness of atomoxetine was verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled study involving 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either atomoxetine at a daily dose 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over a period of 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine and the placebo group experienced a decrease in the symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine treatment group had better improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group. The improvement was not significant. In another open trial in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine over 8 weeks. The atomoxetine treatment group demonstrated improvements in ADHD symptoms when compared to placebo, with scores on Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Rated screening version and the Clinical Global Impression Severity scales increasing significantly. One patient withdrew due to an skin rash. In addition, three patients reported intermittent gastrointestinal problems and one experienced increased fatigue (Kratochvil and co., 2005). Before you begin treatment with atomoxetine to your doctor about your medical history and any other medications or supplements that you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over the counter medications. It is especially important to inform your doctor if you have narrow-angle glaucoma, thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease, or a history of sudden death. Avoid the use of atomoxetine when you've been taking an MAO-inhibitor such as isocarboxazid and linezolid in the last 14 days, or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a nonstimulant that can aid in reducing symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce impulsivity and improve concentration, but it doesn't affect the brain in the same way as stimulants. It's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion comes in capsules and tablets. It is important to follow the prescriptions. If you stop taking it suddenly you could experience withdrawal symptoms. The typical dosage is two or three doses per day divided by four to six hours. The dosage can range between 100mg and three times per day up to 150mg three or four time each day. The drug is absorbed in the digestive tract, and then eliminated into urine, meaning it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it is able to enter the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion can increase blood pressure. It is important to keep it in check frequently. In addition to helping improve the symptoms of ADHD, bupropion can also reduce depression. It can also treat bipolar disorder. It is accomplished by blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine from reaching your brain, which can help stabilize mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications. Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medication. It's also important to know whether you suffer from any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants because they can make side effects worse. In several studies, bupropion was compared to placebos for adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and most studies were not well-designed. Additionally, many excluded people with psychiatric comorbidity. However, the evidence suggests that bupropion can have a slight impact on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to determine positive patient-centered outcomes such as improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be created, it is necessary to understand the underlying causes of the molecular forms of ADHD. This includes a better understanding of the relation between the different molecular pathways. Additionally, it's important to understand how different anti-ADHD drugs work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants When the stimulants prescribed for children with ADHD aren't effective or cause troublesome side effects, doctors might consider antidepressants as a treatment. These medications, such as imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) are able to increase the neurotransmitters dopamine as well as norepinephrine in the brain, which help people concentrate. These older medications can cause severe negative side negative effects. They are typically employed when other drugs fail. The first choice for depression-related antidepressants is typically a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), such as fluoxetine, sertraline or citalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still used in some cases despite their long-standing history. They are effective in treating neuropathic pain and other conditions, but their antidepressant effect is not the same. They potentiate the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake. They also act as descending moderators for pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. In addition, they're safer in pregnancy and aren't teratogenic in animals or humans. But they can have significant withdrawal symptoms if they are stopped abruptly. Your doctor may suggest slowly reducing the dose over a few weeks to lessen the negative effects. Bupropion, a common antidepressant that is prescribed off-label for treating ADHD but isn't FDA approved as a treatment for adhd. It's believed to be effective by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine that are found in the brain, which improves concentration. It also has been proven to reduce anxiety and can be used in conjunction with stimulants to achieve more rapid and long-lasting results. While there are no other FDA-approved medications that are nonstimulant for ADHD Many people get relief from the use of nutritional supplements and herbs. A diet that is low in fat and sugar can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Similarly, eliminating caffeine may be beneficial to some people. It's important to tell your doctor about all medications your child or you takes, including over-the-counter medications and herbal remedies. This will minimize unwanted side effects and prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It may take some trial and error before you determine the best dosage and dose for your child or yourself.